Fire Warning and Early Detection
Firefighting equipment uses sensors and detectors to provide early warning of fires. For example, smoke detectors detect airborne particulate matter and trigger an alarm when the concentration exceeds a threshold; temperature sensors send signals when the ambient temperature rises abnormally (e.g., exceeding 68°C); flame detectors use infrared or ultraviolet spectroscopy to identify open flames. These devices can advance the detection time of a fire to its nascent stage, buying crucial time for evacuation and firefighting. Statistics show that early warning can reduce fire losses by 50%-70%.
Controlling the Spread of Fire
Automatic fire suppression systems include sprinkler systems and gas extinguishing systems. Sprinkler systems connect nozzles through pipes and automatically spray water when the temperature reaches a set value, covering an area of 12-20 square meters per nozzle, effectively controlling the initial fire. Gas extinguishing systems (such as heptafluoropropane and IG541) are suitable for data centers, archives, and other similar locations, inhibiting the combustion chain reaction by releasing inert or chemical gases, leaving no residue and not damaging equipment.
Fire-resistant partitions: Fire doors, firewalls, fire-resistant roller shutters, etc., can block the spread of fire and smoke. For example, Class A fire doors have a fire resistance rating of up to 1.5 hours and can provide safe passage for personnel evacuation.
Ensuring Safe Evacuation
Emergency Lighting and Guiding Systems: Normal lighting may be interrupted during a fire. Emergency lighting and evacuation indicator lights can provide continuous illumination for at least 90 minutes, with a brightness of not less than 10 lx, ensuring that personnel evacuate along safe routes.
Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems: Exhaust smoke through mechanical exhaust or natural ventilation to reduce the concentration of toxic gases. The air velocity at smoke exhaust outlets must be controlled at 7-10 m/s to prevent smoke backflow.
Fire Broadcasting System: Broadcasts evacuation instructions in emergencies, with coverage ensuring clear reception on every floor.
